The management of tics

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The management of tics.

A tic is a stereotyped repetitive involuntary movement or sound, frequently preceded by premonitory sensations or urges. Most tic disorders are genetic or idiopathic in nature, possibly due to a developmental failure of inhibitory function within frontal-subcortical circuits modulating volitional movements. Currently available oral medications can reduce the severity of tics, but rarely elimina...

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Tics in the Pediatric Population: Pragmatic Management

BACKGROUND Primary tic disorders, notably Tourette syndrome, are very common movement disorders in childhood. However, the management of such patients still poses great therapeutic challenges to medical professionals. METHODS Based on a synthesis of the available guidelines published in Europe, Canada, and the United States, coupled with more recent therapeutic developments, the authors provi...

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Botulinum toxin in the management of laryngeal tics.

SUMMARY The objective of the study was to demonstrate the utility of botulinum toxin (BTX; Botox: Allergan Pharmaceuticals, Irvine, CA) type A injections for symptom reduction in laryngeal tics. The study consisted of case studies and literature review. Case histories of two patients with laryngeal tics are presented. Treatment was administered using BTX type A injected into the thyroarytenoid ...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Movement Disorders

سال: 2008

ISSN: 0885-3185

DOI: 10.1002/mds.22378